Devalok
Origin · 4 tellings · Pan-India

The Golden Embryo and the god called Who

Who is in it

Texts: Rigveda, Shatapatha Brahmana

The story, beat by beat

  1. The Golden Embryo arises in the beginning and is at once the one lord of all that exists.
  2. He fixes the earth and the sky and gives breath and strength; the gods obey him.
  3. The mountains, the sea and the river Rasa are his; the quarters are his arms.
  4. Two armies look to him for help under the risen sun.
  5. The great waters carry the germ of all and give birth to fire; he looks out over them.
  6. Nine verses end by asking which god should be honoured with the offering.
  7. The tenth verse names him: Prajapati, who alone holds all created things.

creation golden egg question first words

How it is told, place by place

Base telling · Primary text (translation)

Rigveda 10.121

Pan-India All traditions

A hymn of ten verses. The first nine praise a god who arose as the Golden Embryo, set up earth and sky, gives breath, owns the snowy mountains and the sea, steadies two armies, and looked out over the first waters; each ends by asking which god the offering is for. The tenth verse addresses Prajapati by name as the one who holds all created things and asks him for wealth.

Hymns of the Rigveda, tr. R. T. H. Griffith (1896), hymns read for the Vedic layer § 10.121

Primary text (translation)

Shatapatha Brahmana 11.1.6

Pan-India All traditions

Only water exists. The waters wish to bring forth, toil and grow hot, and a golden egg appears and floats for a year. Prajapati is born from it, breaks it open, and drifts in the shell for another year. Then he tries to speak: bhuh becomes the earth, bhuvah the air, svah the sky. He stands up on these worlds, sees the far end of his thousand-year life, makes the gods with the breath of his mouth and the Asuras with the downward breath, and from the daylight and darkness that follow makes day and night. The year is his likeness.

What is different here:

The waters come first and the egg is their product; Prajapati is born small and learns to speak and stand, which the text ties to a child's first year. No question, no refrain.

The Satapatha-Brahmana, tr. Julius Eggeling (Sacred Books of the East 12, 41) § 11.1.6.1-13

Primary text (translation)

Chandogya Upanishad 3.19

Pan-India All traditions

What was not became what is and turned into an egg, which lay for a year and split. The silver half became the earth, the golden half the sky, the membranes the mountains and mist, the veins the rivers, the fluid the sea. What was born from it was the sun, greeted with shouts.

What is different here:

The egg has a silver and a golden half and the one born is Aditya, the sun; Prajapati is not named.

The Upanishads, tr. F. Max Muller (Sacred Books of the East 1 and 15) § chandogya.3.19

Primary text (translation)

Laws of Manu 1.5-13

Pan-India All traditions

The Self-existent dispels the darkness, creates the waters with a thought and places his seed in them. The seed becomes a golden egg bright as the sun, and in it he himself is born as Brahma, father of the world. After a year he divides the egg by thought into heaven and earth.

What is different here:

The creator exists before the waters and is born in the egg as Brahma; the name Narayana is explained from the waters.

The Laws of Manu, tr. G. Buhler (Sacred Books of the East 25) § 1.5-13

Sources: Hymns of the Rigveda, tr. R. T. H. Griffith (1896), hymns read for the Vedic layer; The Satapatha-Brahmana, tr. Julius Eggeling (Sacred Books of the East 12, 41); The Upanishads, tr. F. Max Muller (Sacred Books of the East 1 and 15); The Laws of Manu, tr. G. Buhler (Sacred Books of the East 25)

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