Devalok
Legend · 4 tellings · Pan-India

Soma, Tara and the birth of Budha

Who is in it

Texts: Vishnu Purana, Rigveda

The story, beat by beat

  1. Soma, son of Atri, is made lord of plants, Brahmanas and stars and performs the Rajasuya.
  2. Grown arrogant, he carries off Tara, wife of Brihaspati.
  3. He refuses to return her though Brihaspati, Brahma and the sages ask.
  4. Ushanas and the Asuras side with Soma; Rudra, Indra and the gods with Brihaspati.
  5. The Tarakamaya war shakes the Earth, who appeals to Brahma.
  6. Brahma stops the war and makes Soma restore Tara.
  7. Tara gives birth to a radiant boy in a clump of munja grass.
  8. Both Brihaspati and Soma claim him; Tara is silent; the child threatens to curse her.
  9. Brahma asks her gently; she says the child is Soma's.
  10. Soma embraces him and he is named Budha, father of Pururavas.

abduction war paternity truth lunar dynasty

How it is told, place by place

Base telling · Primary text (translation)

Vishnu Purana 4.6

Pan-India Vaishnava

Soma, son of Atri, sovereign of plants, Brahmanas and stars, grows arrogant after his Rajasuya and carries off Tara. Ushanas joins him out of enmity to Brihaspati, bringing Jambha, Kujambha and the Daityas; Rudra, a fellow student under Angiras, and Indra back Brihaspati. Brahma ends the Tarakamaya war at Earth's appeal and has Tara restored. At her husband's order she delivers the child in munja grass. Both claim him; she is silent from shame; the child is about to curse her; Brahma calms him and asks; she answers 'Soma's'. Soma names him Budha. Budha begets Pururavas on Ila.

The Vishnu Purana, tr. H. H. Wilson (1840) § 4.6

Primary text (translation)

Rigveda 10.109

Pan-India All traditions

A seven-verse hymn on a Brahman's wife restored. The Sea, Matarishvan, Fire and the heavenly Waters cry out at the wrong. King Soma, first of all and without reluctance, gives her back; Mitra and Varuna invite; Agni as hotar leads her by the hand. The old gods and seven Rishis call a Brahman's wife led home by another a danger that plants confusion in heaven. Through this, Brihaspati obtained his consort. Gods and kings who restore her are freed from sin and prosper.

What is different here:

Soma restores the wife rather than taking her; no Tara by name, no abductor named, no war, no child. The husband is Brihaspati.

Hymns of the Rigveda, tr. R. T. H. Griffith (1896), hymns read for the Vedic layer § 10.109

Primary text (translation)

Bhagavata Purana 9.14

Pan-India Vaishnava

Soma is born from Atri's tears of joy and is set over Brahmanas, herbs and stars. Proud after the Rajasuya he takes Tara by force. Shukra and the demons side with him; Shiva and Indra with Brihaspati. Brahma, informed by Angiras, rebukes Soma and returns Tara. Brihaspati orders her to deliver at once; a golden child is born; both claim him; the child demands the truth; Brahma takes Tara aside and she quietly names Soma. Brahma names the child Budha.

What is different here:

Soma born of Atri's tears; Brahma questions Tara in private and it is Brahma who names the child; Brihaspati's speech is harsher.

Srimad-Bhagavatam (Bhaktivedanta Vedabase) § 9.14.2-14

Primary text (translation)

Devi Bhagavata 1.11

Pan-India Shakta

Tara visits the Moon's house, the two fall in love and she stays willingly. Brihaspati sends a pupil, comes himself, is turned back at the gate and is mocked by Chandra. Indra's messenger is rebuffed; war follows, with Shukra aiding Chandra and Shankara the gods, until Brahma threatens to call Vishnu. Tara returns; a son like Chandra is born and Brihaspati performs his birth rites; Chandra claims him, a second quarrel breaks out, and the child is settled as Chandra's.

What is different here:

Tara goes and stays by her own wish; long arguments at the gate; Brihaspati first raises the child as his own; two wars. More worldly in tone; not used for the site telling.

The Srimad Devi Bhagawatam, tr. Swami Vijnanananda (1921-22), book 1 chapter 11 § 1.11

Sources: The Vishnu Purana, tr. H. H. Wilson (1840); Hymns of the Rigveda, tr. R. T. H. Griffith (1896), hymns read for the Vedic layer; Srimad-Bhagavatam (Bhaktivedanta Vedabase); The Srimad Devi Bhagawatam, tr. Swami Vijnanananda (1921-22), book 1 chapter 11

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