Devalok
Temple legend · 2 tellings · North India, Pan-India

The twelve pillars of light

Who is in it

Places: Somnath, Ujjain (Mahakaleshwar), Deoghar (Baidyanath), Bhimashankar, Rameswaram, Kashi (Varanasi), Trimbakeshwar, Kedarnath, Grishneshwar · Texts: Shiva Purana

The story, beat by beat

  1. Brahma and Vishnu quarrel over who is supreme.
  2. Shiva appears between them as a pillar of light without top or bottom.
  3. Neither can find its end; Vishnu admits it, Brahma claims to have and brings a flower as witness.
  4. Shiva curses Brahma and the flower and blesses Vishnu.
  5. The light settles into the earth at sixty-four places.
  6. Twelve of them are held to be the holiest and are named in a hymn.
  7. Pilgrims visit the twelve as one circuit from Somnath to Rameswaram.

light pilgrimage geography

How it is told, place by place

Base telling · Encyclopedia

Shiva Purana, Shatarudra and Kotirudra Samhitas

Pan-India Shaiva

The Shaivas tell that when the creator and the preserver argued over rank, a column of fire rose between them with no top and no bottom, and the two spent an age flying up and burrowing down without finding either end. Vishnu came back and said so. Brahma came back with a screwpine flower and said he had touched the summit and the flower had seen him do it. The pillar spoke: Vishnu would be honoured always; Brahma would have no worship; the flower would never again be offered to Shiva. Where that light entered the earth it left traces, sixty-four of them, and twelve are the great ones the pilgrim's hymn counts on its fingers: Somnath on the Gujarat shore, Mallikarjuna on Srisailam, Mahakal at Ujjain, Omkareshwar in the Narmada, Vaidyanath at Deoghar, Bhimashankar in the Sahyadri, Rameswaram at the southern tip, Nageshwar near Dwarka, Vishwanath at Kashi, Trimbakeshwar at the Godavari's source, Kedarnath in the snows and Grishneshwar beside Ellora. Each has a story of its own; the frame is the Shiva Purana's.

Jyotirlinga — Wikipedia; Lingodbhava — Wikipedia; Pandanus odorifer (ketaki / screwpine) — Wikipedia; The Siva Purana (4 vols), tr. J. L. Shastri — via Wisdom Library unverified

Encyclopedia

Kashi Vishwanath's claim

North India · Varanasi Shaiva

Kashi tells the same frame with itself as the place: it was here, the temple says, that the endless column of light stood between Brahma and Vishnu, and Vishwanath is the lord of that light, the king of all the gods of the city.

What is different here:

Localises the pillar to Varanasi.

Kashi Vishwanath Temple — Wikipedia

Sources: Jyotirlinga — Wikipedia; Lingodbhava — Wikipedia; Pandanus odorifer (ketaki / screwpine) — Wikipedia; The Siva Purana (4 vols), tr. J. L. Shastri — via Wisdom Library; Kashi Vishwanath Temple — Wikipedia

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