Devalok
Legend · 4 tellings · Pan-India, West India

Andhaka, the blind demon who wanted his mother

Who is in it

Places: Elephanta Caves · Texts: Shiva Purana, Matsya Purana, Vamana Purana

The story, beat by beat

  1. Parvati in play covers Shiva's eyes and the worlds go dark.
  2. From the sweat of her hands a blind, dark child is born.
  3. Shiva gives him to the childless demon Hiranyaksha, who names him Andhaka.
  4. Grown, Andhaka wins a boon from Brahma and rules the demons.
  5. He hears of a beautiful woman on Kailash and demands her, not knowing she is his mother.
  6. Shiva pins him on the trident and holds him in the air.
  7. Every drop of his blood that hits the ground becomes a new Andhaka.
  8. The Matrikas drink the blood before it lands.
  9. Dried on the trident, Andhaka repents, praises Shiva and is taken into his company.

blindness lust trident blood redemption

How it is told, place by place

Base telling · Encyclopedia

Shiva Purana / Matsya Purana

Pan-India Shaiva

One day on the mountain Parvati came up behind Shiva and covered his eyes with her hands, and all the light in the worlds went out. In the dark and the heat, sweat from her palms ran down and became a child, dark and blind. Shiva gave the boy to Hiranyaksha, who had prayed for a son, and the demon called him Andhaka, the one who darkens. Andhaka grew, won power from Brahma by penance, and took the demons' throne. Then someone told him of a woman on Kailash lovelier than any, and he sent for her, and when she was not sent he came with an army. She was Parvati. Shiva met him and drove the trident through him and lifted him on it, but each drop of blood that reached the earth stood up as another Andhaka, until the ground was crowded with them. Shiva called the mothers, the Matrikas, and they caught the blood in their mouths before it fell. Andhaka hung on the trident, in some tellings for a thousand years, until the demon in him had dried away; then he sang to Shiva, was forgiven, and joined his household.

Andhaka — Wikipedia; The Siva Purana (4 vols), tr. J. L. Shastri — via Wisdom Library unverified

Encyclopedia

Vamana Purana

Pan-India Shaiva

The Vamana Purana names the blood-drinkers Carcika and Mangala among the mothers, has Parvati take a hundred forms to confound the demon, and adds the ending that gives the story its afterlife: the redeemed Andhaka becomes the gana Bhringi, the devotee who would honour Shiva alone.

What is different here:

Parvati's hundred forms; the Matrikas named; Andhaka identified with Bhringi.

Andhaka — Wikipedia

Encyclopedia

Harivamsha

Pan-India All traditions

In the Harivamsha Andhaka is no child of Parvati's sweat but a son of Diti and Kashyapa, one demon among the daityas, who uproots Mount Mandara in his war on the gods before Shiva ends him.

What is different here:

Different parentage; the mother-lust motif is absent; he uproots Mandara.

Andhaka — Wikipedia

Temple tradition

Elephanta and Ellora reliefs

West India · Elephanta and Ellora, Maharashtra Shaiva

The killing is among the most violent images of the western caves: at Elephanta Shiva as Bhairava spears the demon with a skull-cup raised to catch the blood, and at Ellora a Matrika waits below with her bowl. A Mughal manuscript of about 1590 painted the scene again.

What is different here:

Iconographic: Shiva shown as Bhairava; the blood-catching motif made visible.

Elephanta Caves — Wikipedia; Andhaka — Wikipedia

Sources: Andhaka — Wikipedia; The Siva Purana (4 vols), tr. J. L. Shastri — via Wisdom Library; Elephanta Caves — Wikipedia

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