Devalok
Festival story · 1 telling · South India

The morning the world began (Brahma on the lotus)

Who is in it

Texts: Bhagavata Purana

The story, beat by beat

  1. Vishnu sleeps on Shesha on the waters between ages.
  2. A lotus grows from his navel and Brahma appears on it.
  3. Brahma searches down the stalk for a hundred years and finds no root.
  4. A voice says tapa; he does austerities and Vishnu shows himself.
  5. Vishnu tells him to create, and he begins at sunrise on Chaitra's first bright day.

creation time new year festival

How it is told, place by place

Base telling · Primary text (translation)

Bhagavata Purana 3.8 to 3.10, with the Ugadi date

South India · te Vaishnava 🪔 Ugadi

Between ages Vishnu lies on Shesha on the waters. A lotus rises from his navel and Brahma appears on it, not knowing who he is. He follows the stalk down for a hundred years without finding its root, returns, and hears a voice say tapa, tapa. After a thousand years of austerity Vishnu shows himself and tells him to make the worlds. Brahma divides the lotus into three worlds and creates. The almanac verse places the beginning at sunrise on the first day of the bright half of Chaitra, kept as Ugadi.

Bhagavata Purana 3.8 to 3.10, Brahma on the lotus (English translation, Vedabase) § 3.8; Bhagavata Purana 3.8 to 3.10, Brahma on the lotus (English translation, Vedabase) § 3.9; The verse on Chaitra shukla pratipada as Brahma's day of creation, quoted from Hemadri's Chaturvarga Chintamani (Yugadi essays)

Sources: Bhagavata Purana 3.8 to 3.10, Brahma on the lotus (English translation, Vedabase); The verse on Chaitra shukla pratipada as Brahma's day of creation, quoted from Hemadri's Chaturvarga Chintamani (Yugadi essays)

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Legend

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How a tradition frames it

The bird and the lion

After killing Hiranyakashipu, Narasimha's fury will not cool; in the Shiva Purana Shiva becomes the winged beast Sharabha and lifts him away, while in the Bhagavata Lakshmi dares not approach and the boy Prahlada calms him with a bow.

From the epics

Sita walks into the fire

After the war Rama tells Sita before the assembly that he fought for his honour, not for her; she answers him and walks into a pyre, and Agni himself carries her out unburnt; later tellings say the woman in Lanka was only her shadow and the real Sita had waited in the fire.

Temple legend

The cow, the anthill and the cowherd's axe

Looking for Lakshmi, Vishnu sits in an anthill on the Venkata hill, and Brahma and Shiva come as a cow and calf to feed him. The Chola king's cowherd, finding the cow dry, follows her and swings his axe; the god rises from the anthill and takes the blow. The wound on his head is why the image wears camphor, and why pilgrims give their hair.

Legend

Shesha, the serpent who holds the earth

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Legend

Durgama, the weeping eyes and the goddess of greens

The demon Durgama wins all the Vedas from Brahma; worship stops, rain stops, and a hundred years of drought follow. The goddess appears with countless eyes and weeps for nine days until the rivers fill, feeds the world from her own body as Shakambhari, then kills Durgama and takes his name: Durga.

Origin

The goddess from the fire

A demon made from Kama's ashes takes half the strength of any foe; the gods offer their bodies to a great fire, Lalita rises from the light, and she chooses Kameshvara with a garland.

Local story

Murugan teaches Shiva the meaning of Om

The boy Murugan asks Brahma what Om means, and when Brahma cannot say, locks him up; when Shiva comes to ask for his release, the son teaches the father, and at Swamimalai the boy's shrine stands on the hill above Shiva's.