Devalok
From the epics · 2 tellings · Pan-India

Where Shri stays: Rukmini's question, and the goddess who left the Danavas

Who is in it

  • Lakshmi Shri, who answers Rukmini and comes to Indra
  • Rukmini asks the question
  • Krishna in whose presence the question is asked
  • Narada bathes in the Ganga with Indra
  • Indra asks who she is and receives her
  • Bhishma tells both tales
  • Yudhishthira asks where Shri dwells and what foretells a rise

Texts: Mahabharata

The story, beat by beat

  1. Yudhishthira asks Bhishma where Shri always dwells; Bhishma tells what Rukmini once asked her in Krishna's presence.
  2. Shri names the people she stays with: the articulate, the energetic, the grateful, the self-controlled, the woman who keeps her house and her word, the fire that is fed, the cow, the guest.
  3. She names the things she rests in: full-blown lotuses, the autumn stars, rain clouds, elephants, cow pens, sweet rivers, thrones, good men.
  4. She names those she leaves: the idle, the ungrateful, the harsh of speech, the thief, the hypocrite, the one content with little, the woman who neglects the stores, loves quarrels or sleeps too long.
  5. She says she dwells steadfastly in Narayana and that whoever she lives in grows in virtue, fame and wealth.
  6. Bhishma tells another: Narada and Indra, bathing in the Ganga, see a radiant goddess coming through the sky; Indra asks who she is.
  7. She names herself Padma, Lakshmi, Bhuti, Shri, and says she stayed with the Danavas while they kept duty, charity, truth and respect for elders, and left when sons defied fathers and greed and deceit spread.
  8. She asks Indra to receive her and comes with seven companions, Hope, Faith, Intelligence, Contentment, Victory, Advancement and Forgiveness, with Jaya the eighth and foremost.
  9. The gods welcome her; rain falls, harvests grow, and people return to right living.

household conduct asuras companions

How it is told, place by place

Base telling · Primary text (translation)

Mahabharata, Anusasana Parva XI (Ganguli): Rukmini asks Shri

Pan-India All traditions

Yudhishthira asks Bhishma where Shri always dwells, and Bhishma tells what he heard. Rukmini, Pradyumna's mother, saw Shri shining beside her in Krishna's presence and asked her whom she favours and whom she shuns. Shri answered gently. She lives with the articulate and energetic, the diligent, the free from anger, the grateful, the self-controlled and high-minded; with those who keep the duties of their order, serve their elders, are pure in heart, forgive and act promptly; with women who are forgiving, truthful, devoted to the gods and their husbands, well-mannered, well dressed, pleasant in looks and speech. She rests in vehicles and the animals that draw them, in maidens and ornaments, in sacrifices and rain clouds, in full-blown lotuses and the autumn stars, in elephants and cow pens and good seats, in lotus lakes and sweet rivers lined with trees, in bulls, thrones and kings, and in good men; in households where the fire is fed and the cow, the brahmin and the gods are honoured in season. She dwells steadfastly in Narayana. She leaves those who neglect their work, the disbeliever, the ungrateful, the impure, the harsh and cruel of speech, the thief, the one who hates his teachers, the one without energy or honour, the one upset by trifles or always angry, the hypocrite whose thought and act differ, the one who never seeks gain or is content with a little; and women who neglect the household goods, speak against their husbands' wishes, wander to other houses, lack modesty, lick their lips, lack patience, love quarrels, sleep too much or are always lying down. Whoever she lives in grows in virtue, fame, wealth and fulfilled desire.

The Mahabharata, tr. K. M. Ganguli (1883-96): Santi Parva CXXIV, CCXXIV-CCXXVIII; Anusasana Parva XI (sacred-texts mirror) § 13.11

Primary text (translation)

Mahabharata, Santi Parva CCXXVIII: Narada and Indra by the Ganga

Pan-India All traditions

Yudhishthira asks what shows that a person is about to rise or fall. Bhishma: Narada and Indra had bathed in the Ganga and sat talking of old things when they saw a radiant goddess coming through the sky. Indra asked who she was. She said she was Padma, Lakshmi, Bhuti, Shri, and named what lives in her, faith, intelligence, victory, forgiveness. She had stayed with the Danavas while they kept their duties, gave, spoke truth, kept clean and honoured elders and brahmins; but in time sons defied fathers, the rites were dropped, greed and deceit spread, and so she withdrew. She asked Indra to receive her, and said she came with seven companions, Hope, Faith, Intelligence, Contentment, Victory, Advancement and Forgiveness, with Jaya the eighth and first among them. The gods welcomed her; the rains came, the harvests grew, and people went back to right living. Bhishma adds that reciting the tale before brahmins brings prosperity.

What is different here:

Not a list of houses but a history: where she was, why she left, who comes with her. Narada is present; no Rukmini, no Krishna.

The Mahabharata, tr. K. M. Ganguli (1883-96): Santi Parva CXXIV, CCXXIV-CCXXVIII; Anusasana Parva XI (sacred-texts mirror) § 12.228

Sources: The Mahabharata, tr. K. M. Ganguli (1883-96): Santi Parva CXXIV, CCXXIV-CCXXVIII; Anusasana Parva XI (sacred-texts mirror)

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From the epics

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Temple legend

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